1. What is the primary purpose of a router in a network?
- a) To connect multiple networks and route packets between them
- b) To amplify network signals
- c) To convert digital signals to analog
- d) To provide wireless connectivity
Answer: A - Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) and forward packets between different networks.
2. Which protocol is used for secure web browsing?
- a) HTTPS
- b) FTP
- c) SMTP
- d) HTTP
Answer: A - HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses SSL/TLS encryption to secure web communications.
3. What does IP stand for in networking?
- a) Internet Protocol
- b) Internet Packet
- c) Internal Protocol
- d) Interconnected Protocol
Answer: A - IP (Internet Protocol) is the principal communications protocol for relaying datagrams across networks.
4. Which device operates at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model?
- a) Switch
- b) Router
- c) Hub
- d) Gateway
Answer: A - Switches operate at Layer 2, using MAC addresses to forward frames.
5. What is the default port number for HTTP?
Answer: A - HTTP typically uses port 80, while HTTPS uses port 443.
6. Which protocol is used for dynamically assigning IP addresses?
- a) DHCP
- b) DNS
- c) ARP
- d) ICMP
Answer: A - DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses to devices.
7. What is the purpose of DNS?
- a) To translate domain names to IP addresses
- b) To encrypt network traffic
- c) To route packets between networks
- d) To manage network bandwidth
Answer: A - DNS (Domain Name System) resolves human-readable domain names to machine-readable IP addresses.
8. Which type of network covers the smallest geographical area?
- a) PAN (Personal Area Network)
- b) LAN (Local Area Network)
- c) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
- d) WAN (Wide Area Network)
Answer: A - PAN is the smallest, typically covering an individual's workspace (e.g., Bluetooth devices).
9. What does VPN stand for?
- a) Virtual Private Network
- b) Virtual Public Network
- c) Verified Private Network
- d) Visual Private Network
Answer: A - VPN creates a secure, encrypted connection over a public network.
10. Which protocol is used for sending email?
- a) SMTP
- b) POP3
- c) IMAP
- d) FTP
Answer: A - SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending email messages.
11. What is the main function of a firewall?
- a) To monitor and control incoming/outgoing network traffic
- b) To boost network speed
- c) To assign IP addresses
- d) To connect wireless devices
Answer: A - Firewalls enforce security policies by filtering network traffic.
12. Which wireless standard operates at 5 GHz frequency?
- a) 802.11a
- b) 802.11b
- c) 802.11g
- d) 802.11n
Answer: A - 802.11a operates at 5 GHz, while 802.11b/g operate at 2.4 GHz.
13. What is the purpose of ARP?
- a) To map IP addresses to MAC addresses
- b) To resolve domain names
- c) To encrypt network traffic
- d) To route packets between networks
Answer: A - ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) resolves IP addresses to physical MAC addresses.
14. Which network topology has all devices connected to a central hub?
- a) Star
- b) Bus
- c) Ring
- d) Mesh
Answer: A - In a star topology, all nodes connect to a central hub or switch.
15. What does NAT stand for?
- a) Network Address Translation
- b) Network Access Technology
- c) Node Address Table
- d) Network Authentication Technique
Answer: A - NAT allows multiple devices to share a single public IP address.
16. Which protocol is connection-oriented?
- a) TCP
- b) UDP
- c) ICMP
- d) HTTP
Answer: A - TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) establishes connections with handshaking and provides reliable delivery.
17. What is the maximum speed of Fast Ethernet?
- a) 100 Mbps
- b) 10 Mbps
- c) 1 Gbps
- d) 10 Gbps
Answer: A - Fast Ethernet operates at 100 Mbps, while Gigabit Ethernet is 1 Gbps.
18. Which cable type is immune to electromagnetic interference?
- a) Fiber optic
- b) Coaxial
- c) Twisted pair
- d) USB
Answer: A - Fiber optic cables use light signals and are immune to EMI.
19. What is the purpose of ICMP?
- a) To send error and control messages
- b) To transfer files
- c) To resolve domain names
- d) To encrypt network traffic
Answer: A - ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for diagnostic and error reporting (e.g., ping).
20. Which protocol is used for file transfer?
- a) FTP
- b) HTTP
- c) SMTP
- d) SNMP
Answer: A - FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is specifically designed for transferring files between systems.