161. What is the primary function of a voltage regulator module (VRM) on a motherboard?
- a) Provides stable power to the CPU
- b) Converts AC to DC power
- c) Manages GPU clock speeds
- d) Controls fan RGB lighting
Answer: A - VRMs convert 12V from the PSU to lower voltages (e.g., 1.2V) required by CPUs.
162. Which of these is a characteristic of a microkernel architecture in operating systems?
- a) Minimalist design with only essential functions in kernel space
- b) All drivers run in kernel mode
- c) Slower than monolithic kernels
- d) More prone to crashes
Answer: A - Microkernels (e.g., QNX) keep most services in user space for better stability.
163. What is the purpose of the Windows Event Viewer?
- a) Logs system, security, and application events
- b) Optimizes disk performance
- c) Manages installed fonts
- d) Creates system backups
Answer: A - Event Viewer provides detailed logs for troubleshooting system issues.
164. Which component is responsible for real-time ray tracing in modern graphics?
- a) RT cores in GPUs
- b) CPU ALU
- c) RAM modules
- d) Power supply
Answer: A - RT cores (in NVIDIA RTX GPUs) accelerate ray tracing calculations.
165. What does RAID 5 provide in a storage configuration?
- a) Striping with distributed parity for fault tolerance
- b) Mirroring without parity
- c) No redundancy
- d) Automatic cloud synchronization
Answer: A - RAID 5 balances performance and redundancy by distributing parity across drives.
166. Which of these is a characteristic of a multi-core processor?
- a) Contains multiple processing units on a single chip
- b) Only supports single-threaded applications
- c) Requires less cooling than single-core CPUs
- d) Cannot run modern operating systems
Answer: A - Multi-core CPUs enable parallel processing for improved performance.
167. What is the purpose of a POST card in computer troubleshooting?
- a) Displays error codes during boot failures
- b) Measures internet speed
- c) Tests monitor quality
- d) Cleans dust from components
Answer: A - POST cards help diagnose hardware issues by showing Power-On Self-Test codes.
168. Which of these is a characteristic of LPDDR memory?
- a) Low-power design for mobile devices
- b) Higher voltage than standard DDR
- c) Larger physical size
- d) Not used in smartphones
Answer: A - LPDDR (Low Power DDR) is optimized for battery-powered devices.
169. What is the function of a hardware firewall?
- a) Filters network traffic at the hardware level
- b) Increases Wi-Fi range
- c) Stores backup data
- d) Manages CPU temperatures
Answer: A - Hardware firewalls (e.g., in routers) inspect packets before they reach devices.
170. Which protocol is used for secure web browsing?
- a) HTTPS
- b) FTP
- c) SMTP
- d) TCP
Answer: A - HTTPS encrypts data between browsers and websites using SSL/TLS.
171. What is the purpose of a KVM switch?
- a) Shares keyboard, video, and mouse between multiple computers
- b) Boosts GPU performance
- c) Converts analog video to digital
- d) Acts as a network router
Answer: A - KVM switches allow control of multiple systems with one peripheral set.
172. Which of these is a characteristic of a 3D NAND SSD?
- a) Stacked memory cells for higher density
- b) Slower than 2D NAND
- c) Larger physical size
- d) Requires more power
Answer: A - 3D NAND vertically stacks memory cells, enabling larger capacities.
173. What does the term "latency" refer to in memory performance?
- a) Delay between request and data availability
- b) Total storage capacity
- c) Power consumption
- d) Physical size of modules
Answer: A - CAS latency (CL) measures clock cycles between request and response.
174. Which component is responsible for managing virtual memory in an OS?
- a) Memory Management Unit (MMU)
- b) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- c) Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
- d) Power Supply Unit (PSU)
Answer: A - The MMU handles address translation between physical and virtual memory.
175. What is the purpose of a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)?
- a) Provides temporary power during outages
- b) Increases internet speed
- c) Cools the CPU
- d) Manages virtual machines
Answer: A - A UPS prevents sudden shutdowns and allows safe system power-down.
176. Which of these is a characteristic of cloud computing?
- a) On-demand resource availability
- b) Requires physical hardware ownership
- c) Limited to local networks
- d) Higher upfront costs than traditional IT
Answer: A - Cloud services provide scalable resources with pay-as-you-go models.
177. What is the function of a transistor in a CPU?
- a) Acts as a switch/amplifier for electronic signals
- b) Stores permanent data
- c) Converts sound to digital signals
- d) Powers the motherboard
Answer: A - Transistors form logic gates (millions/billions in modern CPUs).
178. Which of these is a feature of IPv6 compared to IPv4?
- a) Larger address space
- b) Shorter addresses
- c) Less secure
- d) No support for multicast
Answer: A - IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses (3.4×10³⁸ addresses) vs. IPv4's 32-bit.
179. What is the purpose of a QR code?
- a) Stores data in a machine-readable format
- b) Encrypts sensitive information
- c) Boosts Wi-Fi signals
- d) Functions as a computer virus
Answer: A - QR codes encode data (e.g., URLs, text) for quick scanning.
180. Which of these is a characteristic of a 64-bit processor?
- a) Can address more than 4GB of RAM
- b) Runs only 32-bit software
- c) Has fewer registers than a 32-bit CPU
- d) Slower clock speeds than 32-bit CPUs
Answer: A - 64-bit CPUs support larger memory addressing (theoretically up to 16 exabytes).