21. Which unit measures CPU clock speed?
- a) Hertz (Hz)
- b) Bytes
- c) Volts
- d) Watts
Answer: A - Clock speed is measured in Hertz (e.g., 3.5 GHz = 3.5 billion cycles/second).
22. What is the purpose of a heat sink?
- a) Dissipates heat from the CPU
- b) Stores temporary data
- c) Boosts GPU performance
- d) Connects to the internet
Answer: A - Heat sinks prevent overheating by transferring heat away from components.
23. Which memory type is non-volatile and used for firmware?
- a) ROM
- b) RAM
- c) Cache
- d) SSD
Answer: A - ROM (Read-Only Memory) retains data permanently, even without power.
24. What is the function of a compiler?
- a) Converts high-level code to machine code
- b) Manages hardware resources
- c) Executes scripts line-by-line
- d) Optimizes internet speed
Answer: A - Compilers translate entire programs before execution (e.g., C++ code).
25. Which port is typically used for high-speed external storage?
- a) USB 3.0
- b) VGA
- c) Ethernet
- d) HDMI
Answer: A - USB 3.0 offers faster data transfer rates (up to 5 Gbps) for external drives.
26. What is the role of an interpreter in programming?
- a) Executes code line-by-line
- b) Compiles code into executables
- c) Connects to databases
- d) Debugs hardware errors
Answer: A - Interpreters run code directly without prior compilation (e.g., Python).
27. Which component stores the BIOS settings?
- a) CMOS Battery
- b) RAM
- c) SSD
- d) GPU
Answer: A - The CMOS battery powers the memory storing BIOS configurations.
28. What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 10?
- a) 1010
- b) 1100
- c) 1001
- d) 1111
Answer: A - Decimal 10 = 8 + 2 = 1010 in binary.
29. Which of these is a cloud storage service?
- a) Google Drive
- b) Microsoft Excel
- c) Adobe Acrobat
- d) AutoCAD
Answer: A - Google Drive offers online file storage and synchronization.
30. What does LAN stand for?
- a) Local Area Network
- b) Large Access Node
- c) Linked Area Network
- d) Low Altitude Network
Answer: A - A LAN connects devices within a limited area (e.g., home or office).
31. Which device connects multiple computers in a network?
- a) Router
- b) CPU
- c) Printer
- d) Monitor
Answer: A - Routers direct data traffic between networks or devices.
32. What is the primary function of an operating system kernel?
- a) Manages hardware and system resources
- b) Runs antivirus scans
- c) Displays user interfaces
- d) Stores user files
Answer: A - The kernel is the core component handling memory, processes, and security.
33. Which file system is used by Windows OS?
- a) NTFS
- b) FAT32
- c) ext4
- d) HFS+
Answer: A - NTFS (New Technology File System) supports large files and permissions.
34. What does HTTP stand for?
- a) HyperText Transfer Protocol
- b) High-Tech Text Protocol
- c) Hardware Test Transfer Program
- d) Hyperlink Text Technology
Answer: A - HTTP is the foundation of web data communication.
35. Which component is responsible for displaying images on a monitor?
- a) GPU
- b) CPU
- c) PSU
- d) SSD
Answer: A - The GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) renders visuals for display.
36. What is the purpose of an assembler?
- a) Converts assembly language to machine code
- b) Translates high-level languages
- c) Manages database queries
- d) Compresses files
Answer: A - Assemblers translate low-level assembly code into binary instructions.
37. Which of these is an example of an open-source OS?
- a) Linux
- b) Windows 10
- c) macOS
- d) iOS
Answer: A - Linux is a free, open-source operating system.
38. What is the hexadecimal equivalent of binary 1111?
- a) F
- b) E
- c) 15
- d) 16
Answer: A - Binary 1111 = 15 in decimal = F in hexadecimal.
39. Which protocol is used for secure web browsing?
- a) HTTPS
- b) FTP
- c) SMTP
- d) TCP
Answer: A - HTTPS encrypts data between the browser and server.
40. What is the main advantage of an SSD over an HDD?
- a) Faster data access speed
- b) Lower cost per GB
- c) Higher storage capacity
- d) Better durability against physical shocks
Answer: A - SSDs use flash memory for significantly faster read/write speeds than HDDs.